Evaluating Morphological Methods for Sex Estimation on Isolated Human Skeletal Materials: Comparisons of Accuracies between German and South African Skeletal Collections

Objectives: The focus of this research is to evaluate the sex estimation methods on isolated human materials by applying morphological published in various forensic and anthropological literature different skeletal series. Materials Methods: 165 individuals from 19th 20th century Inden series, 252 13th 14th Lübeck series German ancestry housed at Department Historical Anthropology Human Ecology, University Göttingen, Germany, 161 South African within Raymond A. Dart collection modern skeletons Witwatersrand, Africa, with crania, mandibles, pelves, were assessed. evaluation criteria are burial information genetic both previous demography cadavers Results Discussion: cranial traits perform better Africa samples worse sample. mandible accuracies for pooled sexes not exemplary, but individual males Inden, Lübeck, samples, except gonion angle, which performs females. pelvic compared statistical tests show that there a huge difference accuracy rates performance between population groups Germany itself, considering share same ancestry. improve exclusion ambiguous individuals.